Study of Factors Influencing Somatic Embryogenesis in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

Objective: n present study effect of various factors including sucrose, agar, PEG, AgNO3, activated charcoal on somatic embryo induction and its subsequent regeneration was investigated using varieties Dom siah and Nemat. Methods: 330 explant (Mature embryos) of each varieties were cultured, 33/plate (100 x 15 mm), on callus induction Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (Murashige and Skoog 1962) supplemented with 30 g/L sucrose, 7g/L agar and 2 mg/L 2,4-D. Results: Significant difference was observed between two variety in callus induction. Somatic embryogenesis and the plant regeneration were influenced by the genotype as well as composition of the medium used. The callus induction rate and callus morphology were different depend on genotypes. High somatic embryogenesis was obtained in medium (MS medium containing 2 mg/L 2,4-D) supplemented with 3 mg/L AgNO3, 9 gr/L agar and 20 gr/L PEG, respectively. The high frequency plant regeneration was achieved from both varieties in medium supplemented with 9 and 11gr/L agar and 5 mg/L AgNO3.